Past Perfect Continuous in Engleza

Trecutul Perfect Continuu in Engleza

Past Perfect Continuous in Engleza este un timp verbal care exprima o actiune in progres in trecut inainte de o alta actiune sau moment in trecut. Totul are loc intr-un trecut, anterior trecutului.

Ce inseamna si cum folosim Past Perfect Continuous in Engleza?

Spre deosebire de Past Perfect Simple, in acest caz, actiunea este continua sau in progres in trecut.

Cum se formeaza acest timp verbal?

Folosim formele auxiliare had+been+verb+ing

Forma Afirmativa

• I had been reading. Citisem

Cand ne exprimam, de cele mai multe ori, folosim forma scurta:

• I’d been reading all night. Citisem toata noaptea.

Forma negativa

had+not+been+verb+ing

• I had not been reading Nu citisem

Folosim forma scurta:

• I hadn’t been reading all night. Nu citisem toata noaptea

Forma Interogativa

Incepem cu auxiliarul had

• Had you been reading all night? Citisesi toata noaptea?

Past Perfect Continuous este folosit ca si Past Perfect Simple dar exprima actiuni mai lungi care au avut loc inainte de alte actiuni in trecut.

• Jim started reading at 9am. Jim a inceput sa citeasca la ora 9.
  I arrived at 11am. Eu am sosit la ora 11.
  When I arrived, Jim had been waiting for two hours. Cand am sosit eu, Jim citiea de 2 ore.

Folosim for pentru a exprima perioada de timp si since pentru a exprima momentul cand a inceput actiunea.
Uneori, ne putem gandi la Past Perfect Continuous ca la Present Perfect Continuous doar ca in loc de now/acum folosim before.

• I am angry. I have been waiting for two hours. Sunt suparat. Am asteptat 2 ore.
• He was angry. He had been waiting for two hours. Eram suparat. Asteptasem 2 ore.

Alte exemple:

• John was very tired. He had been running.
• I could smell cigarettes. Somebody had been smoking.
• Suddenly, my car broke down. I was not surprised. It had not been running well for a long time.
• Had the pilot been drinking before the crash?
• Jason was tired because he had been jogging.
• Sam gained weight because he had been overeating.
• Betty failed the final test because she had not been attending class.

Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect Continuous

Daca nu este inclusa o perioada de timp cum ar fi: for five minutes, for two weeks, sau since Friday,  multi vorbitori aleg sa foloseasca Past continuous in loc de Past perfect continuous. Mare atentie pentru ca acest lucru poate schimba sensul propozitiei.

Past continuous exprima actiuni intrerupte de alte actiuni in trecut pe cand Past perfect continuous exprima o durata, o actiune care avut loc pe o anumita perioada de timp inainte de o alta actiune in trecut.

• He was tired because he was exercising so hard.

Asta inseamna ca era obosita pentru ca facea sport atunci. Inca se intampla actiunea.

• He was tired because he had been exercising so hard.

El era obosit pentru ca facuse sport intr-o anumita perioada de timp. Actiunea se incheiase. El nu mai facea sport.

Alte exemple:

• They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived.
• She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of business.
• How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
• Mike wanted to sit down because he had been standing all day at work.
• James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.

Exercitiu – Past Perfect Continuous in Engleza

I’m sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00.
I (try) to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn’t want to miss it.
By the time I finally left the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) five cups of coffee and I (wait) over an hour.
I had to leave because I (arrange) to meet Kathy in front of the theater.

When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) up the tickets and she was waiting for us near the entrance.
She was really angry because she (wait) for more than half an hour.
She said she (give, almost) up and (go) into the theater without us.

Kathy told me you (be) late several times in the past and that she would not make plans with you again in the future.
She mentioned that she (miss) several movies because of your late arrivals.
I think you owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!

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